See -e- on Wiktionary
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],
"glosses": [
"A morph interjected between word roots to give pronunciation a better sense of flow, but which gives no change in meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"morph",
"morph#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"etymology_text": "Originally often represented a thematic vowel or a (genitive) case ending; also sometimes added simply for ease of pronunciation.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "interfix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-en-"
},
{
"word": "-s-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch interfixes",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "willekeur"
},
{
"text": "Koninginnedag"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a linking vowel added in compound words"
],
"links": [
[
"linking",
"linking"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English infixes",
"English interfixes",
"English lemmas",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"en:Medicine"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-e-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-e-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-e-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"-e-\">\nBorrowed from Latin -e-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "interfix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A linking vowel inserted between two morphemes, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"vowel",
"vowel#English"
],
[
"morpheme",
"morpheme#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English infixes",
"English lemmas",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Medicine"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_text": "The final vowel of hamster, as the initial vowel would be a homonym of -a- from rat.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "infix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "infix",
"related": [
{
"english": "See that entry for full paradigm.",
"translation": "See that entry for full paradigm.",
"word": "-mab is the base suffix common to all monoclonal antibodies"
},
{
"word": "-i-"
},
{
"word": "-o-"
},
{
"word": "-u-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Pharmacology"
],
"glosses": [
"a monoclonal antibody derived from a hamster source"
],
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"monoclonal antibody",
"monoclonal antibody"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pharmacology) a monoclonal antibody derived from a hamster source"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*-dë-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *-dë-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *-dë-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "interfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish interfixes",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"The second infinitive marker."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "interfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German interfixes",
"German lemmas",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"used to link elements in some compounds"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "interfix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-a-"
},
{
"word": "-á-"
},
{
"word": "-o-"
},
{
"word": "-ö-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian interfixes",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "öreg (“old”) + -e- + -bb → öregebb (“older”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A suffix-initial vowel (or linking vowel) inserted interconsonantally between the word stem and the suffix, to ease pronunciation, without contributing to the meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"suffix",
"suffix"
],
[
"initial",
"initial"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"linking",
"linking"
],
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"interconsonantally",
"interconsonantally"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛ]"
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"lang_code": "kmr",
"pos": "interfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Northern Kurdish entries with incorrect language header",
"Northern Kurdish interfixes",
"Northern Kurdish lemmas",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pîrejin (pîr-e-jin, 'an old woman')"
},
{
"text": "kurteçîrok (kurt-e-çîrok, 'a short story')"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to link elements in some compounds"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "d",
"3": "D"
},
"expansion": "D",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "-a",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive plural ending",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -a (“genitive plural ending”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "-a",
"t": "genitive plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Old Norse -a (“genitive plural ending”)",
"name": "der+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "-e-"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk -e-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-e-",
"t": "linking interfix"
},
"expansion": "Danish -e- (“linking interfix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Old Norse -a (“genitive plural ending”), reduced to unstressed -e- in compounds. Some occurrences may instead continue other older inflectional or compositional forms. The element was subsequently reanalysed and analogically extended as a general linking vowel, and need not express a genitive or plural relationship in present-day Norwegian.\nCompare Norwegian Nynorsk -e- and Danish -e- (“linking interfix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "interfix",
"related": [
{
"english": "linking interfix",
"translation": "linking interfix",
"word": "-s-"
},
{
"tags": [
"suffix"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål compound terms",
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål interfixes",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms interfixed with -e-",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bjørk (“birch”) + -e- (“linking interfix”) + skog (“forest”) → bjørkeskog (“birch forest”)"
},
{
"text": "jul (“Christmas, Yule”) + -e- (“linking interfix”) + gave (“gift”) → julegave (“Christmas present”)"
},
{
"text": "barn (“child”) + -e- (“linking interfix”) + sko (“shoe”) → barnesko (“children's shoe”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A linking vowel used between the constituents of certain compound words, generally without an independent meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"vowel",
"vowel"
],
[
"compound",
"compound"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:Fuge-e"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ə/"
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the Old Norse genitive plural ending, -a, such as in manna mál (> mannemål). Also from the strong feminine genitive singular, -ar, whence also -ar- and -a-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ar-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-a-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "interfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk interfixes",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk links with redundant target parameters",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "hest (“horse”) + hov (“hoof”) → hestehov (“horse’s hoof”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitival interfix indicating that the former element is a characteristic of the latter."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-n-"
},
"expansion": "German -n-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-en-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch -en-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-e-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish -e-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Akin to German -n-/-e-, Dutch -en-/-e- and Swedish -e-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Saterland Frisian",
"lang_code": "stq",
"pos": "interfix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Saterland Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"Saterland Frisian interfixes",
"Saterland Frisian lemmas",
"Saterland Frisian links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Múus (“mouse”) + Buk (“male animal”) → Muzebuk (“male mouse”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitival interfix indicating that the former element is a characteristic of the latter."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ə-/"
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "interfix"
},
"expansion": "-e-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "interfix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-a-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish interfixes",
"Swedish lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"Interfix used to link elements in some compounds"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛ/"
}
],
"word": "-e-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -e- meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.